Cicadas are among the most fascinating insects in the world, known for their loud songs, unique life cycles, and remarkable diversity. In this guide, we will explore 30 Types of Cicadas, highlighting their habitats, behaviors, physical characteristics, and ecological roles. Whether you are a beginner interested in entomology or a wildlife enthusiast, understanding these insects provides insight into the intricate balance of ecosystems. From the periodic Magicicadas that emerge every 13 or 17 years to colorful tropical cicadas, this article covers species across the globe.
1. Magicicada septendecim (17-Year Cicada)
The Magicicada septendecim, commonly called the 17-Year Cicada, is one of the most famous cicadas in North America due to its synchronized emergence every 17 years. These insects spend most of their life underground as nymphs, feeding on root sap, before emerging en masse to mate and lay eggs. Adults have a distinctive black body with red eyes and orange wing veins. Their collective singing, produced by males using specialized structures called tymbals, can reach over 90 decibels, creating an unmistakable symphony across forests.
The 17-Year Cicada is primarily found in the eastern United States, and its predictable emergence has fascinated scientists and the public alike. Despite their large numbers, they are harmless to humans and rarely damage mature trees, though young saplings may be vulnerable to egg-laying. After mating, adults die within a few weeks, returning the next generation underground for another 17 years. The Magicicada septendecim exemplifies the complex life cycles and adaptation strategies found among Types of Cicadas.
2. Magicicada cassini (Cassini Periodical Cicada)
Magicicada cassini, or the Cassini Periodical Cicada, is another North American cicada with a periodical life cycle, emerging every 13 or 17 years depending on the brood. These cicadas are slightly smaller than M. septendecim and have orange wing veins with a darker body. Males produce a distinctive “buzzing” chorus, differing from the trilling sounds of their close relatives. They are often found in wooded areas, particularly deciduous forests.
Like other periodical cicadas, M. cassini nymphs live underground for over a decade, feeding on the xylem of tree roots. When emergence occurs, males congregate and produce loud choruses to attract females. After mating and egg-laying, adults die within a few weeks, returning nutrients to the forest floor. The predictable life cycle of M. cassini demonstrates how cicadas have evolved strategies to overwhelm predators and ensure species survival, making them a vital part of understanding Types of Cicadas in North America.
3. Magicicada septendecula
Magicicada septendecula is a periodical cicada species closely related to M. septendecim, sharing a similar 17-year life cycle. Native to the eastern United States, these cicadas are smaller and exhibit subtle differences in wing pattern and song structure. Like other periodical cicadas, M. septendecula spends most of its life as a subterranean nymph, emerging en masse to reproduce during a brief summer period.
This cicada’s synchronized emergence is a remarkable survival strategy, saturating predators with sheer numbers to ensure that enough individuals survive to mate. Adults have black bodies, red eyes, and translucent wings, with males producing a continuous buzzing sound to attract females. By studying M. septendecula and its behaviors, entomologists gain insight into the adaptive strategies of periodical cicadas, highlighting the incredible diversity and complexity found among Types of Cicadas.
4. Magicicada tredecassini (13-Year Cassini Cicada)
Magicicada tredecassini is a 13-year periodical cicada species found in the eastern United States. Unlike its 17-year cousins, it has a shorter underground nymph stage, emerging every 13 years. These cicadas have black bodies, red eyes, and orange veins on their wings. Males produce distinctive buzzing calls that differ slightly from other periodical cicadas, helping females identify members of their species.
The 13-year life cycle of M. tredecassini serves as a survival mechanism, reducing the likelihood of predators timing their reproduction to the cicada emergence. Nymphs feed on tree root sap for over a decade before emerging to molt, mate, and lay eggs. The adults die within a few weeks, completing the life cycle. This species illustrates how periodical cicadas have evolved intricate timing mechanisms, emphasizing the adaptive ingenuity present in the 30 Types of Cicadas globally.
5. Megatibicen auletes (Northern Dusk Singing Cicada)
Megatibicen auletes, commonly called the Northern Dusk Singing Cicada, is one of the largest cicadas in North America. Unlike periodical cicadas, it has an annual life cycle, emerging every year during the summer. Adults can measure up to 2 inches in length, with olive-green bodies and black markings. Males produce a loud, rhythmic song at dusk to attract females, giving the species its common name.
This cicada prefers wooded areas and edges of forests, feeding on tree sap during its nymph stage underground. Unlike periodical cicadas, M. auletes is not synchronized in mass emergence, allowing smaller populations to reproduce annually. Observing its behaviors offers insight into how non-periodical cicadas survive predation and exploit ecological niches. As part of the broader diversity, the Northern Dusk Singing Cicada showcases the variation among Types of Cicadas in size, song, and life cycle strategies.
6. Neotibicen canicularis (Dog‑Day Cicada)
Neotibicen canicularis, commonly known as the Dog‑Day Cicada, is one of the most recognizable annual cicadas in North America. Named for its peak activity during the “dog days” of summer, this cicada is known for its loud, shrill, and high-pitched call that resonates through woodlands and suburban areas alike. Adult Dog‑Day Cicadas typically measure 1.5 to 2 inches in length and exhibit a greenish-brown coloration with darker markings that help them blend into tree bark, providing natural camouflage from predators.
Dog‑Day Cicadas spend most of their early life underground as nymphs, feeding on xylem sap from tree roots for several years before emerging. Once above ground, males position themselves on branches and produce a distinctive song using tymbals, specialized structures on their abdomen. The song serves to attract females for mating and can reach remarkable volumes, creating a defining summer soundtrack. Females respond by choosing mates based on the strength and pattern of their calls. After reproduction, adults die within a few weeks, completing a fascinating life cycle that showcases how Neotibicen canicularis and other Types of Cicadas have adapted to seasonal rhythms and predator pressures.
7. Neotibicen tibicen (Swamp Cicada / Morning Cicada)
Neotibicen tibicen, commonly called the Swamp Cicada or Morning Cicada, is another prominent North American species. Unlike the Dog‑Day Cicada, N. tibicen is more commonly heard during the early morning hours. This species thrives in moist environments, often near swamps, rivers, or marshy forests. Adults have a greenish-brown body with black markings, and transparent wings with subtle venation that allows them to blend seamlessly into foliage.
The Swamp Cicada spends its nymph stage underground for several years, consuming sap from tree roots. Emergence occurs in summer, and males produce a loud, continuous call to attract females. Their songs are slightly lower-pitched than Dog‑Day Cicadas, and they often sing in the cooler hours of the morning. By studying Neotibicen tibicen, entomologists gain insights into habitat specialization among Types of Cicadas, revealing how environmental factors influence activity patterns, predator avoidance, and mating behaviors.
8. Neotibicen linnei (Linne’s Cicada)
Neotibicen linnei, or Linne’s Cicada, is a medium-to-large cicada known for its distinctive calling song and patterned body. Linne’s Cicadas are found across eastern North America, typically inhabiting deciduous forests and suburban woodlots. Adult cicadas display olive-green coloration with black markings and a broad head, making them identifiable in the wild.
Like other annual cicadas, N. linnei spends several years underground as a nymph before emerging to molt and reproduce. The male’s song is a rapid, pulsating trill that resonates across tree canopies, attracting females for mating. Females lay eggs in small branches, ensuring the next generation can begin its subterranean life cycle. Linne’s Cicada is an excellent example of behavioral adaptation among Types of Cicadas, demonstrating how acoustic communication and synchronized emergence strategies help ensure reproductive success while minimizing predation.
9. Neotibicen pruinosus (Scissor Grinder Cicada)
Neotibicen pruinosus, widely known as the Scissor Grinder Cicada, is a strikingly large cicada found throughout the central and eastern United States. The name “Scissor Grinder” comes from the male’s repetitive, mechanical-sounding call that resembles the noise of scissors being sharpened. Adults are generally 1.5 to 2 inches long with green and brown coloration, accented by dark stripes that provide camouflage against tree bark.
The Scissor Grinder Cicada spends multiple years underground as a nymph, feeding on xylem from roots. Emergence typically occurs in midsummer, and males gather in prominent tree branches to broadcast their loud mating calls. Their distinctive acoustic signals play a critical role in species recognition, helping females identify suitable mates amidst overlapping cicada populations. By observing N. pruinosus, researchers can understand how morphology, song patterns, and habitat selection interact in the ecology of Types of Cicadas.
10. Neotibicen lyricen (Lyric Cicada)
Neotibicen lyricen, known as the Lyric Cicada, is a visually appealing cicada recognized for its lyrical, musical song and medium size. Found predominantly in the eastern United States, adults display a greenish body with black and brown markings, blending perfectly with leaves and bark. Males produce a series of melodic, pulsating sounds that are often described as harmonious or “singing,” giving the species its common name.
The Lyric Cicada, like its Neotibicen relatives, spends several years underground as a nymph, slowly feeding on tree root sap. Upon emergence, males perform their signature acoustic displays to attract females, while females lay eggs in tree branches to continue the life cycle. Lyric Cicadas highlight the diversity of vocalization strategies among Types of Cicadas, showing how different species have evolved unique songs and behaviors to survive and reproduce within overlapping habitats.
11. Neotibicen dorsatus (Bush Cicada)
Neotibicen dorsatus, commonly called the Bush Cicada, is a medium-to-large cicada native to the central and eastern regions of North America. This species thrives in shrubby areas, open forests, and grasslands where bushes provide ample perches for males to call. Adults are characterized by greenish-brown bodies with black markings, broad wings, and a slightly humped thorax, which helps distinguish them from other Neotibicen species.
The Bush Cicada spends several years underground as a nymph, feeding on xylem sap from the roots of shrubs and small trees. Emergence occurs during the summer, and males climb to prominent branches to produce their distinctive buzzing calls. Their acoustic signaling attracts females and helps maintain species separation among overlapping cicada populations. Neotibicen dorsatus illustrates how habitat preferences influence behavior, communication, and survival strategies among Types of Cicadas.
12. Neotibicen superbus (Superb Cicada)
Neotibicen superbus, or the Superb Cicada, is a visually striking insect found in North American woodlands. Adults are medium-large, with a predominantly green body, black markings, and transparent wings that allow subtle camouflage among leaves. Its name “Superb” refers to both its impressive size and the clarity of its song, which is a long, pulsating trill that can dominate the summer soundscape.
The Superb Cicada spends multiple years underground as a nymph, slowly drawing sustenance from tree root sap. Emergence occurs during late summer, and males vocalize from elevated perches to attract females. Females then lay eggs in tree branches, continuing the species’ lifecycle. Studying Neotibicen superbus provides insight into territorial and mating behaviors, demonstrating how vocalization patterns, life cycles, and habitat choice interplay in the ecology of Types of Cicadas.
13. Neotibicen robinsonianus (Robinson’s Cicada)
Neotibicen robinsonianus, commonly called Robinson’s Cicada, is a lesser-known annual cicada inhabiting forests and wooded areas in the eastern United States. Adults have a greenish-brown body with distinct black markings, and their wings feature subtle venation that aids in camouflage. This species is known for its loud, consistent calling song produced by males, which serves both to attract mates and establish territory.
Robinson’s Cicada nymphs live underground for several years, feeding on tree root sap. Upon emergence in summer, males sing from exposed branches, creating choruses that can reach impressive volumes. Females select mates based on call characteristics, ensuring genetic diversity within the population. Observing Neotibicen robinsonianus highlights the adaptive strategies cicadas use to survive predation and reproduce, emphasizing the diversity of life histories within Types of Cicadas.
14. Quesada gigas (Giant Cicada)
Quesada gigas, also known as the Giant Cicada, is one of the largest cicadas in the world, native to Central and South America. Adults can exceed 2 inches in length, with olive-green bodies and prominent black markings. The Giant Cicada produces one of the loudest insect calls, capable of reaching over 100 decibels, which is used to attract females during the mating season.
The nymphs of Q. gigas spend multiple years underground feeding on tree root sap before emerging to molt and reproduce. Emergence typically occurs during warm, rainy months, and males position themselves on high branches to broadcast their powerful calls. Giant Cicadas play an important ecological role by aerating soil during nymphal burrowing and serving as a food source for various predators. Quesada gigas exemplifies how size, acoustic communication, and habitat specialization contribute to the success of Types of Cicadas.
15. Diceroprocta apache (Apache Cicada)
Diceroprocta apache, commonly known as the Apache Cicada, is native to arid regions of the southwestern United States. Adults are medium-sized, with brown and green coloration and subtle black markings that help them blend with desert shrubs and trees. This species is notable for its harsh, rasping song, which males use to attract mates during the hottest hours of the day.
The Apache Cicada spends several years underground as a nymph, feeding on the sap of drought-resistant plants. When they emerge, males produce loud, persistent calls from exposed branches to signal readiness for mating. Females lay eggs in small twigs, ensuring the next generation continues underground. Studying Diceroprocta apache offers insight into how cicadas adapt to arid environments, showcasing the diversity of life history strategies and behaviors among Types of Cicadas.
16. Huechys sanguinea (Black and Scarlet Cicada)
Huechys sanguinea, commonly known as the Black and Scarlet Cicada, is a striking insect native to Southeast Asia, including regions of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. Its most notable feature is its bold coloration: a black body accented with bright red markings that make it highly recognizable among local cicada species. Unlike the subtle green or brown cicadas seen in North America, Huechys sanguinea stands out vividly against the lush tropical foliage where it resides. This coloration is believed to serve as a warning to predators, signaling that it may be distasteful or unpalatable.
The Black and Scarlet Cicada is medium-sized, typically ranging from 2 to 2.5 inches in length. Its wings are translucent with faint black veins, allowing it to blend into leafy backgrounds when perched still. Like other cicadas, H. sanguinea spends the majority of its life underground as a nymph, feeding on the xylem sap of tree roots. Depending on environmental conditions, this nymphal stage can last several years, providing sustenance for the insect while it undergoes crucial developmental stages.
When the nymphs emerge, usually during the wet season, they molt into adults and begin their brief but essential reproductive period. Males produce a distinct, rhythmic song using specialized structures called tymbals, creating a chorus that can dominate the tropical forest soundscape. Females respond to these calls, selecting mates based on the strength and consistency of their song. After mating and laying eggs in tree branches, adults typically die within a few weeks, returning vital nutrients to the ecosystem. Huechys sanguinea exemplifies how coloration, life cycle timing, and acoustic signaling play critical roles in survival strategies among Types of Cicadas.
From an ecological perspective, the Black and Scarlet Cicada serves multiple roles. Its emergence provides a temporary but rich food source for birds, reptiles, and small mammals. Additionally, their underground nymph activity contributes to soil aeration, benefiting the roots of the trees they inhabit. Observing H. sanguinea offers entomologists insight into tropical cicada ecology, revealing how species have adapted to predator pressures and seasonal cycles in dense rainforest environments. As one of the more visually striking and behaviorally unique Types of Cicadas, Huechys sanguinea highlights the incredible diversity and adaptability found among cicadas worldwide.
17. Tacua speciosa (Large Southeast Asian Cicada)
Tacua speciosa is one of the largest cicadas in the world, native to Southeast Asia, including Indonesia, Malaysia, and surrounding regions. Adults of this species can reach an impressive wingspan of up to 8 inches, making them truly giants in the insect world. Their size alone makes them a marvel of entomology, but Tacua speciosa is also remarkable for its life cycle, song, and ecological impact. The body is typically black with hints of brown and green, and the wings are translucent with prominent venation, allowing these enormous insects to blend into tropical trees despite their size.
The nymphs of Tacua speciosa spend several years underground feeding on xylem sap from tree roots, gradually accumulating energy to support their large adult bodies. Emergence is synchronized with seasonal rains, which provide optimal humidity and temperature for adult activity. Male Tacua speciosa produce extraordinarily loud calls, using tymbals to create deep, resonant sounds that can travel hundreds of meters through dense forest. These calls attract females and establish mating territories, ensuring reproductive success despite the short adult lifespan.
Due to their size and strength, adult Tacua speciosa are less vulnerable to predation than smaller cicadas, although birds, reptiles, and primates occasionally feed on them. The species plays a critical ecological role by aerating soil during nymphal development and serving as prey for higher trophic levels during their brief adult stage. Tacua speciosa also fascinates entomologists and collectors alike, illustrating how cicadas can evolve gigantism in response to environmental pressures. By studying this species, scientists gain insight into life cycle timing, reproductive strategies, and acoustic communication in one of the most extraordinary examples among Types of Cicadas.
18. Cryptotympana atrata (Large Black Cicada)
Cryptotympana atrata, commonly called the Large Black Cicada, is widespread in East and Southeast Asia, including China, Japan, and Korea. Adults are easily recognized by their jet-black bodies and transparent wings, which create a striking silhouette against leafy backgrounds. This species is one of the most common cicadas in urban and rural areas across its range, making it familiar to both locals and researchers. Its large size, typically 2 to 2.5 inches in length, contributes to its noticeable presence during the summer months.
The Large Black Cicada’s nymphs live underground for several years, feeding on tree root sap and contributing to soil aeration. Emergence occurs during warm, sunny periods when males begin producing loud, pulsating calls to attract mates. Unlike tropical species with bright colors, Cryptotympana atrata relies on its size and acoustic presence to ward off predators and compete for mates. Females lay eggs in small branches, ensuring that the next generation will continue the cycle of underground development and synchronized emergence.
Ecologically, C. atrata plays an essential role in food webs. Birds, reptiles, and small mammals feed on adults, while nymphs enrich the soil. Its strong, resonant song also influences the acoustic environment of forests and gardens, contributing to the characteristic summer “hum” of East Asian landscapes. Cryptotympana atrata highlights how cicadas can thrive in both urban and natural habitats, demonstrating adaptability and resilience among Types of Cicadas worldwide. Studying this species offers valuable insights into population dynamics, acoustic communication, and insect ecology in densely populated regions.
19. Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata (Brown Cicada)
Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata, commonly known as the Brown Cicada, is a well-known species native to Japan. Adults are medium to large, with brown bodies accented by black markings, providing effective camouflage against tree bark. This species is particularly notable for its loud, persistent call, often described as a continuous “je-je” sound that fills the summer air. Brown Cicadas are abundant in forests, gardens, and urban parks, making them a familiar part of Japanese summer culture.
The nymphal stage of G. nigrofuscata lasts several years underground, during which the insect feeds on root sap and gradually grows. When conditions are favorable, nymphs emerge, molt into adults, and begin reproducing. Males congregate on prominent branches, singing in unison to attract females. This acoustic display ensures species recognition and helps females select the strongest mates. The Brown Cicada’s life cycle, with its long nymphal stage and brief adult period, demonstrates the strategic adaptations that allow cicadas to thrive despite predation pressures.
Beyond their ecological role as soil aerators and prey for predators, Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata has cultural significance in Japan, often symbolizing summer and endurance. Observing their behavior provides insight into how acoustic communication, life cycle timing, and camouflage contribute to survival among Types of Cicadas. The Brown Cicada exemplifies the balance between ecological function and evolutionary adaptation in temperate forest environments.
20. Tanna japonensis (Japanese Cicada)
Tanna japonensis, commonly known as the Japanese Cicada, is one of the most iconic cicadas in Japan, often associated with summer sounds and cultural symbolism. Adults are medium-sized, with olive-green bodies and black markings that provide excellent camouflage among foliage. Their wings are transparent with fine veins, allowing them to remain inconspicuous when perched. Tanna japonensis is known for its distinctive high-pitched, melodic song that defines the Japanese summer soundscape.
The nymphs of T. japonensis live underground for several years, feeding on tree root sap. Emergence occurs during late spring to early summer, when males begin their singing displays. The melodic calls serve to attract females and establish territories, while females lay eggs in twigs to continue the next generation. Japanese Cicadas play an important ecological role, providing food for birds, lizards, and other predators, while their underground nymph activity contributes to soil aeration and nutrient cycling.
Tanna japonensis also holds cultural significance, appearing in literature, poetry, and folklore as a symbol of summer and ephemeral beauty. Studying this species offers insights into how acoustic communication, life cycles, and ecological roles intertwine in Types of Cicadas. Its presence highlights the intricate balance of forest ecosystems and the enduring fascination that cicadas inspire in human observers worldwide.
21. Kikihia scutellaris (New Zealand Green Cicada)
Kikihia scutellaris, commonly known as the New Zealand Green Cicada, is one of the most iconic cicadas of New Zealand. Its vivid green coloration and patterned wings allow it to blend seamlessly with native foliage, making it both beautiful and well-camouflaged against predators. Adult cicadas range from 1.5 to 2 inches in length and are widely recognized for their loud, repetitive calls that fill the summer months, often described as a high-pitched trill or buzzing chorus.
The life cycle of Kikihia scutellaris is typical of annual cicadas. Nymphs spend several years underground feeding on the xylem of tree and shrub roots. When conditions are favorable, they emerge to molt into adults, usually during late spring or early summer. Males climb to exposed perches and produce their loud songs using specialized structures called tymbals. The sound serves to attract females and establish territories. After mating, females lay eggs in small branches, completing the life cycle. The adults survive for only a few weeks, ensuring that energy is primarily devoted to reproduction.
Ecologically, the New Zealand Green Cicada plays an important role in nutrient cycling. The emergence of large numbers of cicadas provides a temporary food bonanza for birds, lizards, and other predators, while nymph burrowing aerates the soil. The species is also culturally significant in New Zealand, often associated with the arrival of summer. Kikihia scutellaris demonstrates the fascinating interplay of appearance, acoustic communication, and life cycle timing that is characteristic of many Types of Cicadas worldwide.
22. Psaltoda moerens (Red‑eye Cicada)
Psaltoda moerens, commonly referred to as the Red‑eye Cicada, is a medium to large cicada native to Australia. This species is easily recognized by its distinctive red eyes, olive-brown body, and transparent wings. Adults typically measure between 1.5 and 2 inches in length, making them prominent and noticeable within their native eucalypt forests. Their striking eyes are a unique adaptation that, along with their color patterns, aids in predator deterrence and camouflage.
The Red‑eye Cicada spends several years as a nymph underground, feeding on the roots of native trees. Emergence occurs during the Australian summer, and males produce a loud, continuous call from exposed branches to attract females. The rhythmic and sustained sound is one of the defining characteristics of this species, distinguishing it from other Australian cicadas. After mating, females lay eggs in the small branches of trees, and adults die within a few weeks, completing the annual life cycle.
Psaltoda moerens plays a significant ecological role, both as a consumer of plant sap during its nymphal stage and as a food source for birds, reptiles, and other predators upon emergence. Its lifecycle and behavior provide insight into how Australian cicadas have adapted to forest ecosystems and seasonal environmental changes. By studying this species, researchers gain valuable information about acoustic communication, mating behavior, and survival strategies that define Types of Cicadas in the Southern Hemisphere.
23. Psaltoda claripennis (Clear‑winged Cicada)
Psaltoda claripennis, also known as the Clear‑winged Cicada, is a distinctive cicada species native to Australia. Adults are medium-sized, typically 1.5 to 2 inches in length, and have transparent wings that allow them to blend into their surroundings while perched on tree trunks or branches. The body coloration ranges from green to brown, accented with subtle black markings, providing effective camouflage in forested environments. This species is named for its remarkably clear wings, which stand out in contrast to the colored bodies.
The Clear‑winged Cicada’s nymphs live underground for several years, feeding on tree root sap. When emergence occurs, males climb to elevated perches and produce a loud, resonant call using their tymbals. This sound attracts females for mating while also signaling territorial presence. After mating, females lay eggs in the twigs of trees, completing the life cycle. Adults are short-lived, typically surviving for only a few weeks, which emphasizes the importance of their reproductive period.
Ecologically, Psaltoda claripennis contributes to nutrient cycling through its nymphal feeding and subsequent death of adults. Their calls are also an essential component of the auditory environment of forests, often signaling the arrival of summer in Australia. Observing this species provides insight into the diversity of acoustic behaviors and habitat adaptations among Types of Cicadas, highlighting how even subtle differences in wing transparency and song can influence survival and reproduction.
24. Green Grocer Cicada (Cyclochila australasiae)
The Green Grocer Cicada, Cyclochila australasiae, is one of the most famous cicadas in Australia, recognized for its vibrant green body, large size, and powerful song. Adults can reach up to 2 inches in length, with translucent wings and black markings that help them blend into the leafy canopy. Their nickname “Green Grocer” comes from early observers who associated their bright coloration with the green packaging of produce, making them a beloved and well-known species among Australians.
These cicadas spend several years underground as nymphs, feeding on the sap of tree roots. Emergence occurs during the warm summer months, and males produce a loud, distinctive call that dominates the landscape, often reaching 90 decibels. Females respond to the call by selecting mates, and once mated, they lay eggs in small branches, ensuring the continuation of the species. Adults survive for only a few weeks, dedicating their energy entirely to reproduction.
Ecologically, the Green Grocer Cicada plays an important role in forest ecosystems. Its nymphs aerate the soil, while adults provide a rich food source for birds, reptiles, and mammals. Culturally, their emergence is a signal of summer, often referenced in media, folklore, and educational contexts. Cyclochila australasiae is an excellent example of how size, coloration, and acoustic behavior contribute to the adaptability and success of Types of Cicadas.
25. Black Prince Cicada
The Black Prince Cicada is a medium to large species native to Australia, known for its dark, glossy black body and contrasting translucent wings. Adults typically measure between 1.5 and 2 inches in length, and their striking appearance makes them one of the more visually impressive Australian cicadas. This species is most often found in forested areas, woodlands, and urban gardens, where trees provide both perching sites and nymphal feeding grounds.
The nymphs of the Black Prince Cicada live underground for several years, feeding on tree root sap. Upon emergence, males produce a deep, resonant call that can be heard over considerable distances. These calls serve to attract females and establish territorial boundaries among males. After mating, females lay eggs in small branches, completing the annual life cycle. Adults typically survive only a few weeks, during which their primary focus is reproduction.
Ecologically, the Black Prince Cicada contributes to soil health through nymphal burrowing and provides a food source for birds and other predators. Its distinctive coloration and acoustic behaviors make it an important species for understanding cicada diversity in Australia. Studying the Black Prince Cicada offers insights into adaptation, reproductive strategies, and the roles of cicadas in both natural and human-influenced ecosystems, emphasizing the complexity of Types of Cicadas worldwide.
26. Floury Baker Cicada
The Floury Baker Cicada is a medium-sized cicada found primarily in Australia, easily recognized by its distinctive floury or powdery appearance on the wings and body. Adults typically measure between 1.5 and 2 inches in length, with light brown or tan coloration that helps them blend into tree bark and dry foliage. This subtle camouflage makes them less visible to predators, despite their large size and loud calls. The Floury Baker Cicada thrives in wooded areas, forest edges, and gardens where trees provide suitable perching and egg-laying sites.
Nymphs of the Floury Baker Cicada spend multiple years underground feeding on xylem sap from tree roots, gradually building up energy reserves for adult emergence. When environmental conditions are favorable, typically in the warmer months, the nymphs emerge, molt into adults, and begin their brief but critical reproductive phase. Males produce a distinct, rhythmic song that resonates across the treetops, attracting females and signaling territorial dominance. After mating, females lay eggs in small branches, and adults typically die within a few weeks, completing their annual life cycle.
Ecologically, the Floury Baker Cicada contributes to soil health through nymphal tunneling and serves as a significant food source for birds, reptiles, and small mammals. Its powdery coloration and acoustic signals demonstrate how cicadas use both camouflage and sound to survive and reproduce. By studying this species, entomologists gain insight into behavioral adaptations, mating strategies, and habitat preferences among Types of Cicadas, revealing the remarkable diversity and complexity of these insects in Australia.
27. Double‑Spotted Cicada
The Double‑Spotted Cicada is a visually distinctive species native to parts of North America. Adults typically measure 1.5 to 2 inches in length and are characterized by two prominent dark spots on the thorax or wings, which give the species its common name. Their overall coloration is a blend of green, brown, and tan, providing effective camouflage against tree bark and leaves. This cicada is commonly found in forests, woodlands, and suburban areas where trees are abundant.
Like other annual cicadas, the nymphs of the Double‑Spotted Cicada live underground for several years, feeding on the sap of tree roots. Emergence occurs in late spring to summer, when males climb to elevated branches to produce their loud, repetitive calls. The call of the Double‑Spotted Cicada is distinctive, often described as a buzzing or trilling sound that helps females locate suitable mates. Females lay eggs in tree branches, ensuring the continuation of the species’ life cycle. Adults typically survive only a few weeks, focusing their energy on reproduction.
Ecologically, this cicada plays a crucial role in nutrient cycling and serves as a food source for numerous predators, including birds, small mammals, and reptiles. Its double-spotted markings, coupled with its acoustic signaling, highlight the diverse strategies cicadas employ to survive and reproduce. Studying the Double‑Spotted Cicada provides valuable insight into life cycle timing, habitat preferences, and the interplay of visual and acoustic adaptations among Types of Cicadas.
28. Zipping Ambertail Cicada
The Zipping Ambertail Cicada is a medium-to-large species native to Australia, known for its amber-colored tail and rapid, zipping song that can fill the summer air. Adults are typically 1.5 to 2 inches long, with greenish-brown bodies and transparent wings. Their amber-colored abdomen is particularly noticeable in sunlight, making this species easy to identify. The Zipping Ambertail Cicada inhabits forests, woodland edges, and urban gardens, perching on tree branches where males perform their acoustic displays.
The nymphs of this species spend several years underground feeding on xylem sap from roots. Emergence occurs in late spring or summer, and males climb to prominent perches to produce their rapid, zipping calls. These calls attract females and establish territorial presence among males. After mating, females lay eggs in twigs or small branches, and adults die within a few weeks, completing their life cycle. The speed and intensity of the Zipping Ambertail Cicada’s song help distinguish it from other Australian cicadas and prevent confusion with sympatric species.
Ecologically, the Zipping Ambertail Cicada serves as a vital link in the food web, providing nourishment for birds, reptiles, and mammals during their brief adult stage. Nymphal burrowing contributes to soil aeration and nutrient cycling. By studying this species, scientists gain insight into how coloration, acoustic communication, and timing of emergence influence survival and reproductive success. The Zipping Ambertail Cicada exemplifies the diverse strategies and adaptations found among Types of Cicadas in Australia.
29. Southern Red‑eyed Squeaker Cicada
The Southern Red‑eyed Squeaker Cicada is a medium-sized cicada species native to southeastern Australia. Its most distinctive feature is its bright red eyes, contrasting with a greenish-brown body and transparent wings. Adults typically measure around 1.5 inches in length and are easily recognized by their unique, squeaky, high-pitched call, which males produce to attract females and assert territory. This acoustic display gives the species its common name.
Like other cicadas, the Southern Red‑eyed Squeaker spends several years underground as a nymph, feeding on the sap of tree roots. Emergence occurs in the warmer months, when males climb to prominent perches to sing. The intensity and frequency of their squeaky calls help females locate mates while deterring rival males. After mating, females lay eggs in tree branches, and adults survive only a few weeks. The Red‑eyed Squeaker Cicada’s combination of eye color, body markings, and acoustic signaling allows it to thrive in dense forests and suburban habitats alike.
Ecologically, this species contributes to soil aeration during its nymphal stage and provides a seasonal food source for a variety of predators. Studying the Southern Red‑eyed Squeaker Cicada provides valuable insights into visual and acoustic adaptations, reproductive strategies, and habitat selection among Types of Cicadas. Its distinctive red eyes and vocalizations make it a fascinating example of how species evolve traits to survive and communicate in competitive environments.
30. Black Squeaker Cicada
The Black Squeaker Cicada is a medium-to-large cicada native to Australia, recognized for its glossy black body and unique squeaking calls. Adults measure around 1.5 to 2 inches in length, with transparent wings that reflect sunlight, providing subtle camouflage against tree bark. The species is named for its distinctive “squeaker” sound, a high-pitched, rhythmic call produced by males to attract mates and establish territories during the summer months.
The nymphs of the Black Squeaker Cicada spend several years underground, feeding on the xylem of tree roots. Emergence occurs during warm, humid conditions, when males climb to exposed perches to perform their acoustic displays. The squeaking song is highly repetitive, allowing females to locate suitable mates even in densely populated areas with multiple competing cicada species. After mating, females lay eggs in twigs or branches, and adults die within a few weeks, completing their life cycle.
Ecologically, the Black Squeaker Cicada plays an important role in forest ecosystems by providing a temporary food source for birds, lizards, and small mammals. Its nymphal burrowing also improves soil aeration and nutrient cycling. By observing this species, entomologists can better understand the interplay of acoustic communication, visual adaptations, and reproductive strategies that define Types of Cicadas. The Black Squeaker Cicada represents the diversity and ecological significance of cicadas in Australian environments, concluding our comprehensive guide to 30 Types of Cicadas.
Conclusion
Exploring the diverse world of Types of Cicadas reveals just how remarkable these insects are. From the striking Huechys sanguinea with its black and scarlet coloration to the gigantic Tacua speciosa of Southeast Asia, cicadas display an incredible variety of sizes, colors, and acoustic behaviors. Whether it’s the melodic calls of Tanna japonensis in Japan, the zipping songs of the Australian Zipping Ambertail Cicada, or the high-pitched squeaks of the Black Squeaker Cicada, each species has evolved unique adaptations for survival, mating, and predator avoidance.
Cicadas spend the majority of their lives underground as nymphs, feeding on xylem sap from tree roots, before emerging for a brief but critical adult phase focused on reproduction. During emergence, their calls dominate the environment, contributing not only to species survival but also to ecosystem dynamics. Nymphal burrowing enhances soil aeration and nutrient cycling, while adults serve as vital food sources for birds, reptiles, and small mammals. This combination of life cycle strategy, acoustic communication, and ecological impact makes cicadas an integral part of terrestrial ecosystems around the world.
From temperate forests to tropical rainforests and arid regions, Types of Cicadas demonstrate incredible adaptability. Each species tells a story of evolutionary innovation, whether through bright warning colors, cryptic camouflage, or specialized songs that carry across miles. By studying cicadas, scientists gain insights into ecological interactions, behavioral evolution, and biodiversity. Observing these fascinating insects reminds us of the intricate balance within nature and highlights the vital role cicadas play in the environments they inhabit. Whether you are a casual observer or an entomology enthusiast, learning about these 30 Types of Cicadas offers a deeper appreciation for one of nature’s most captivating insect groups.
Frequently Asked Questions About Types of Cicadas
1. What are cicadas?
Cicadas are insects known for their loud, distinctive calls and long life cycles. They belong to the order Hemiptera and are famous for spending most of their lives underground as nymphs before emerging as adults to mate.
2. How many types of cicadas exist?
There are thousands of cicada species worldwide, but this guide focuses on 30 notable types, each with unique colors, sizes, songs, and ecological roles.
3. What is the lifespan of cicadas?
Most cicadas live several years as nymphs underground, ranging from 2 to 17 years depending on the species. Adults usually survive only a few weeks, primarily to reproduce.
4. Where do cicadas live?
Cicadas inhabit forests, woodlands, grasslands, tropical rainforests, and even urban gardens. Their nymphs feed on tree and shrub roots underground, while adults perch on branches during emergence.
5. How do cicadas make noise?
Male cicadas produce sound using specialized structures called tymbals. The vibration of these membranes creates the characteristic buzzing or trilling calls used to attract females.
6. Are all cicadas loud?
While most male cicadas produce loud calls, the volume and pitch vary by species. For example, the Giant Cicada (Quesada gigas) produces calls over 100 decibels, whereas smaller species have softer songs.
7. What do cicadas eat?
As nymphs, cicadas feed on the xylem sap of tree and shrub roots. Adults continue feeding on plant sap but consume much less, as their primary focus is reproduction.
8. Are cicadas harmful to humans?
Cicadas are harmless to humans. They do not bite or sting, although their large numbers can be startling during mass emergences.
9. Can cicadas damage plants?
While cicadas generally cause minimal damage, females may cause minor damage when laying eggs in small branches. Large infestations can result in twig dieback but rarely harm mature trees.
10. How can I identify different cicadas?
Cicadas can be identified by body size, color, wing patterns, eye color, and most importantly, their unique calls. Each species has distinctive visual and acoustic traits.
11. What is the largest cicada?
The largest cicadas include Tacua speciosa and Quesada gigas, with wingspans reaching up to 8 inches, making them giants among insects.
12. What is the smallest cicada?
Smaller species like the Southern Red‑eyed Squeaker Cicada and Black Squeaker Cicada are around 1.5 inches in length, blending effectively with their environment.
13. Do cicadas bite pets or humans?
No. Cicadas are non-aggressive and cannot bite humans or pets. They use their mouthparts to feed on plant sap only.
14. Why do cicadas emerge in large numbers?
Mass emergence is an evolutionary strategy called predator satiation, ensuring that enough individuals survive to reproduce despite predation.
15. How long do cicadas sing each day?
Male cicadas typically sing during the warmest hours of the day, often from mid-morning to late afternoon, depending on temperature and species.
16. Are cicadas the same as locusts?
No. Cicadas and locusts are different insects. Locusts are grasshoppers that swarm and eat crops, while cicadas are sap-feeding insects known for their calls.
17. What is a periodical cicada?
Periodical cicadas, such as the 17-year and 13-year cicadas, spend most of their life underground and emerge synchronously in large numbers at precise intervals.
18. Can cicadas fly?
Yes. Adult cicadas are capable fliers, using their wings to move between trees and find mates.
19. Why are cicadas important to ecosystems?
Cicadas play crucial roles as prey for birds, reptiles, and mammals, and their underground nymphal activity helps aerate soil and recycle nutrients.
20. Do cicadas migrate?
No. Cicadas are generally sedentary. They remain near their nymphal emergence sites and only move short distances to find mates and suitable perches.
21. How do cicadas reproduce?
Male cicadas attract females with their calls. After mating, females lay eggs in tree branches, completing the reproductive cycle. Eggs hatch into nymphs, which drop to the ground and burrow underground.
22. How many eggs does a female cicada lay?
Females typically lay dozens to hundreds of eggs per reproductive cycle, often distributing them across multiple twigs or branches to reduce predation risk.
23. Can cicadas harm crops?
In general, cicadas do not harm crops. Egg-laying in young branches may cause minor damage, but most cultivated plants remain unharmed.
24. Why do cicadas have bright colors?
Bright colors, like those of Huechys sanguinea, serve as warning signals to predators, indicating that the insect may be unpalatable or difficult to catch.
25. How do cicadas avoid predators?
Cicadas rely on camouflage, mass emergence, and loud calls to avoid predation. Periodical cicadas use synchronized emergences to overwhelm predators.
26. Are cicadas noisy at night?
Most cicadas are diurnal, meaning they are active and noisy during the day. Some tropical species may call at dusk, but nighttime activity is rare.
27. What are the most colorful cicadas?
Species like the Black and Scarlet Cicada (Huechys sanguinea) and Green Grocer Cicada (Cyclochila australasiae) are among the most vibrant, with striking red, green, and black patterns.
28. How do cicadas produce different sounds?
The shape of the tymbals, body size, and air resonance determine the pitch, duration, and rhythm of a cicada’s song, allowing each species to be easily distinguished by sound.
29. How do cicadas survive underground?
Nymphs feed on sap from tree roots, storing energy for years. They are well-adapted to underground life with specialized mouthparts and respiration suited for soil conditions.
30. Do cicadas hibernate?
No. Cicadas remain underground as nymphs for extended periods instead of hibernating. Their development is slow and synchronized with environmental conditions for emergence.
31. What is the difference between annual and periodical cicadas?
Annual cicadas emerge every year, while periodical cicadas emerge in massive synchronized groups after 13 or 17 years, depending on the species.
32. Can cicadas damage trees?
Generally, mature trees tolerate cicada egg-laying with minimal damage. Young saplings may experience twig dieback, but it rarely kills the tree.
33. Why are cicadas considered fascinating?
Cicadas are fascinating due to their long underground life cycles, loud songs, ecological roles, and diverse species adaptations across the world.
34. Are cicadas edible?
Yes. In some cultures, cicadas are eaten as a source of protein. They are safe to consume when properly prepared and cooked.
35. How do cicadas affect soil health?
Their underground burrowing aerates soil, improves water infiltration, and contributes to nutrient cycling, benefiting plant growth and ecosystem function.
36. What is the typical size of cicadas?
Sizes vary by species, from about 1 inch for smaller squeaker cicadas to over 8 inches wingspan in species like Tacua speciosa.
37. How fast do cicadas fly?
Cicadas are not strong fliers but can move short distances efficiently to find mates and suitable perches during emergence.
38. Can cicadas survive in urban areas?
Yes. Many species, like the Green Grocer Cicada and Black Prince Cicada, adapt well to urban gardens and tree-lined streets.
39. Do cicadas have natural predators?
Yes. Birds, lizards, small mammals, spiders, and even ants prey on cicadas, particularly during mass emergences when they are highly visible.
40. What adaptations help cicadas avoid heat?
Cicadas are active during warm parts of the day and often perch in shaded branches. Their underground nymph stage helps them avoid extreme surface temperatures for years.
41. How long do cicada calls last?
Call duration varies by species, lasting from a few seconds to several minutes, often repeated continuously by males throughout the day.
42. Are all cicadas green?
No. Cicadas display a wide range of colors, from green to brown, black, red, and even bright combinations like the Black and Scarlet Cicada.
43. How do cicadas find mates?
Males attract females using their calls. Females select mates based on call strength, duration, and frequency, ensuring successful reproduction.
44. What is the purpose of cicada songs?
Male cicadas sing to attract mates, establish territory, and sometimes warn other males to stay away. The songs are species-specific.
45. Can cicadas bite or sting?
No. Cicadas have mouthparts designed for feeding on plant sap. They do not bite or sting humans or animals.
46. How do cicadas contribute to biodiversity?
Cicadas support food webs as prey, contribute to soil health, and influence forest soundscapes, enhancing ecosystem complexity and biodiversity.
47. Why are periodical cicadas synchronized?
Synchronization ensures predator satiation and maximizes reproductive success. Emergence occurs every 13 or 17 years depending on the brood.
48. Do cicadas carry diseases?
No. Cicadas are not known to transmit diseases to humans, pets, or plants.
49. What is the difference between tropical and temperate cicadas?
Tropical cicadas often have brighter colors, louder calls, and multiple generations per year, whereas temperate species may have longer underground cycles and more muted coloration.
50. Why are cicadas considered indicators of ecosystem health?
Because they rely on healthy trees and soil for nymph development, abundant cicada populations indicate a thriving ecosystem with minimal pollution or habitat disruption.
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